{"id":11213,"date":"2025-11-30T21:22:05","date_gmt":"2025-11-30T20:22:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/how-the-two-step-manufacturing-process-increases-the-efficiency-of-abc-cells\/"},"modified":"2025-12-01T21:36:17","modified_gmt":"2025-12-01T20:36:17","slug":"how-the-two-step-manufacturing-process-increases-the-efficiency-of-abc-cells","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/en\/how-the-two-step-manufacturing-process-increases-the-efficiency-of-abc-cells\/","title":{"rendered":"How the Two-Step Manufacturing Process Improves the Efficiency of ABC Cells"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"11213\" class=\"elementor elementor-11213 elementor-11202\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1292ed4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1292ed4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab1a523 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ab1a523\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 data-start=\"162\" data-end=\"219\">How the Two-Step Manufacturing Process Improves the Efficiency of ABC Cells<\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe528bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fe528bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>N-Type All Back Contact (ABC) solar cells are among the most efficient photovoltaic technologies available today. With all contacts located on the rear side of the cell, they offer full front-side light absorption and reduced recombination losses. Until recently, however, the complexity of large-scale production has limited their widespread adoption. This is now changing with the introduction of a two-step manufacturing process, which eliminates key trade-offs and pushes the performance of Aiko\u2019s ABC cells to a new level.   <\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d18e2c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6d18e2c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-11209 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/aiko_blog_proccopy_5-min.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2001\" height=\"1128\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/aiko_blog_proccopy_5-min.png 2001w, https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/aiko_blog_proccopy_5-min-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/aiko_blog_proccopy_5-min-1024x577.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/aiko_blog_proccopy_5-min-768x433.png 768w, https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/aiko_blog_proccopy_5-min-1536x866.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2001px) 100vw, 2001px\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ef5bd3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2ef5bd3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Ending Trade-Offs: Separate Passivation for Each Side<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6db1702 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6db1702\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In conventional BC manufacturing, the tunneling oxide and polycrystalline silicon (poly Si) layers are formed simultaneously on both sides of the cell. The challenge here is that the optimal process conditions for the P-type and N-type regions differ significantly \u2014 forcing compromises that reduce passivation quality and overall efficiency.<\/p><p>Aiko\u2019s two-step process solves this by decoupling the formation of passivating contacts for each side. Each region is processed independently under its ideal conditions, enabling better control of interface quality, improved contact passivation, and conversion efficiencies exceeding 27%. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab7af73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ab7af73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Self-Masked Diffusion: Fewer Steps, Higher Stability<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1b8d71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f1b8d71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>During high-temperature diffusion, BSG (boron silicate glass) and PSG (phosphorus silicate glass) naturally form as byproducts. These layers act as self-aligned masks, eliminating the need for external masking and cleaning. This self-masked approach brings several benefits:  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-581b027 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"581b027\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Reduces contamination risk and chemical usage<\/li><li>Minimizes process steps and material consumption<\/li><li>Improves yield and overall production consistency<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a62cd1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a62cd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The result is a simplified yet highly stable manufacturing process \u2014 one that supports high uniformity, low stress, and industrial-scale scalability.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74ff93a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"74ff93a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/the-worlds-most-efficient-solar-technology-01.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-11223\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/the-worlds-most-efficient-solar-technology-01.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/the-worlds-most-efficient-solar-technology-01-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/the-worlds-most-efficient-solar-technology-01-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/the-worlds-most-efficient-solar-technology-01-768x432.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c2d987 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c2d987\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>A Technology Ready for Real-World Deployment<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c830dc6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c830dc6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thanks to these innovations, ABC technology is no longer limited to R&amp;D labs or niche applications. It is now a viable solution for premium residential, commercial, and industrial PV systems. The two-step process ensures long-term production stability, precision, and performance \u2014 making ABC modules increasingly competitive with mainstream technologies like TOPCon and PERC. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e42d41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"9e42d41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2972ed8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2972ed8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>At Raylyst Solar, we continuously monitor the evolution of PV technologies and deliver solutions that bring real value to your business. We provide not only top-tier products, but also technical support, training, and the know-how needed for the successful implementation of modern solar projects. <\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efdcc61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"efdcc61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8d11a1 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a8d11a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div 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xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M549.655 124.083c-6.281-23.65-24.787-42.276-48.284-48.597C458.781 64 288 64 288 64S117.22 64 74.629 75.486c-23.497 6.322-42.003 24.947-48.284 48.597-11.412 42.867-11.412 132.305-11.412 132.305s0 89.438 11.412 132.305c6.281 23.65 24.787 41.5 48.284 47.821C117.22 448 288 448 288 448s170.78 0 213.371-11.486c23.497-6.321 42.003-24.171 48.284-47.821 11.412-42.867 11.412-132.305 11.412-132.305s0-89.438-11.412-132.305zm-317.51 213.508V175.185l142.739 81.205-142.739 81.201z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>AIKO developed a two-step process that improves ABC cell efficiency through separate passivation and a stable, self-masked diffusion method.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11210,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31,39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11213","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all","category-blog-en"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11213","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11213"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11213\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11210"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11213"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11213"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raylyst.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11213"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}